Microsoft .NET Framework
.NET Framework 1.1
This is the first major .NET Framework upgrade. It is available on its own as a redistributable package or in a software development kit, and was published on 3 April 2003. It is also part of the second release of Microsoft Visual Studio .NET (released as Visual Studio .NET 2003). This is the first version of the .NET Framework to be included as part of the Windows operating system, shipping with Windows Server 2003. Mainstream support for .NET Framework 1.1 ended on 14 October 2008, and extended support ends on 8 October 2013. Since .NET 1.1 is a component of Windows Server 2003, extended support for .NET 1.1 on Server 2003 will run out with that of the OS - currently 14 July 2015.
Changes in 1.1 on comparison with 1.0
Built-in support for mobile ASP.NET controls. Previously available as an add-on for .NET Framework, now part of the framework.
Security changes - enable Windows Forms assemblies to execute in a semi-trusted manner from the Internet, and enable Code Access Security in ASP.NET applications.
Built-in support for ODBC and Oracle databases. Previously available as an add-on for .NET Framework 1.0, now part of the framework.
.NET Compact Framework - a version of the .NET Framework for small devices.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) support.
Numerous API changes.
.NET Framework 2.0
Released with Visual Studio 2005, Microsoft SQL Server 2005, and BizTalk 2006.
The 2.0 Redistributable Package can be downloaded for free from Microsoft, and was published on 22 January 2006.
The 2.0 Software Development Kit (SDK) can be downloaded for free from Microsoft.
It is included as part of Visual Studio 2005 and Microsoft SQL Server 2005.
Version 2.0 without any Service Pack is the last version with support for Windows 98 and Windows Me. Version 2.0 with Service Pack 2 is the last version with official support for Windows 2000 although there have been some unofficial workarounds published online to use a subset of the functionality from Version 3.5 in Windows 2000.[19] Version 2.0 with Service Pack 2 requires Windows 2000 with SP4 plus KB835732 or KB891861 update, Windows XP with SP2 or later and Windows Installer 3.1 (KB893803-v2).
It shipped with Windows Server 2003 R2 (not installed by default).
Changes in 2.0 in comparison with 1.1
Numerous API changes.
A new hosting API for native applications wishing to host an instance of the .NET runtime. The new API gives a fine grain control on the behavior of the runtime with regards to multithreading, memory allocation, assembly loading and more (detailed reference). It was initially developed to efficiently host the runtime in Microsoft SQL Server, which implements its own scheduler and memory manager.
Full 64-bit support for both the x64 and the IA64 hardware platforms.
Language support for generics built directly into the .NET CLR.
Many additional and improved ASP.NET web controls.
New data controls with declarative data binding.
New personalization features for ASP.NET, such as support for themes, skins and webparts.
.NET Micro Framework - a version of the .NET Framework related to the Smart Personal Objects Technology initiative.
Partial classes
Anonymous methods
Data Tables
.NET Framework 3.0
.NET Framework 3.0, formerly called WinFX,[20] was released on 21 November 2006. It includes a new set of managed code APIs that are an integral part of Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 operating systems. It is also available for Windows XP SP2 and Windows Server 2003 as a download. There are no major architectural changes included with this release; .NET Framework 3.0 uses the Common Language Runtime of .NET Framework 2.0.[21] Unlike the previous major .NET releases there was no .NET Compact Framework release made as a counterpart of this version.
.NET Framework 3.0 consists of four major new components:
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), formerly code-named Avalon; a new user interface subsystem and API based on XML and vector graphics, which uses 3D computer graphics hardware and Direct3D technologies. See WPF SDK for developer articles and documentation on WPF.
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), formerly code-named Indigo; a service-oriented messaging system which allows programs to interoperate locally or remotely similar to web services.
Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) allows for building of task automation and integrated transactions using workflows.
Windows CardSpace, formerly code-named InfoCard; a software component which securely stores a person's digital identities and provides a unified interface for choosing the identity for a particular transaction, such as logging in to a website.
.NET Framework 3.5
Version 3.5 of the .NET Framework was released on 19 November 2007, but it is not included with Windows Server 2008. As with .NET Framework 3.0, version 3.5 uses the CLR of version 2.0. In addition, it installs .NET Framework 2.0 SP1, (installs .NET Framework 2.0 SP2 with 3.5 SP1) and .NET Framework 3.0 SP1 (installs .NET Framework 3.0 SP2 with 3.5 SP1), which adds some methods and properties to the BCL classes in version 2.0 which are required for version 3.5 features such as Language Integrated Query (LINQ). These changes do not affect applications written for version 2.0, however.[22]
As with previous versions, a new .NET Compact Framework 3.5 was released in tandem with this update in order to provide support for additional features on Windows Mobile and Windows Embedded CE devices.
The source code of the Base Class Library in this version has been partially released (for debugging reference only) under the Microsoft Reference Source License.[1]
Changes since version 3.0
New language features in C# 3.0 and VB.NET 9.0 compiler
Adds support for expression trees and lambda methods
Extension methods
Expression trees to represent high-level source code at runtime.[23]
Anonymous types with static type inference
Language Integrated Query (LINQ) along with its various providers
LINQ to Objects
LINQ to XML
LINQ to SQL
Paging support for ADO.NET
ADO.NET synchronization API to synchronize local caches and server side datastores
Asynchronous network I/O API[23] .
Peer-to-peer networking stack, including a managed PNRP resolver[24]
Managed wrappers for Windows Management Instrumentation and Active Directory APIs[25]
Enhanced WCF and WF runtimes, which let WCF work with POX and JSON data, and also expose WF workflows as WCF services.[26] WCF services can be made stateful using the WF persistence model.[23]
Support for HTTP pipelining and syndication feeds.[26]
ASP.NET AJAX is included
New System.CodeDom namespace.
Service Pack 1
The .NET Framework 3.5 Service Pack 1 was released on 11 August 2008. This release adds new functionality and provides performance improvements under certain conditions,[27] especially with WPF where 20-45% improvements are expected. Two new data service components have been added, the ADO.NET Entity Framework and ADO.NET Data Services. Two new assemblies for web development, System.Web.Abstraction and System.Web.Routing, have been added; these are used in the ASP.NET MVC Framework and, reportedly, will be utilized in the future release of ASP.NET Forms applications. Service Pack 1 is included with SQL Server 2008 and Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1.
There is also a new variant of the .NET Framework, called the ".NET Framework Client Profile", which at 28 MB is a lot smaller than the full framework and only installs components that are the most relevant to desktop applications.[28] However, the Client Profile amounts to this size only if using the online installer. When using the off-line installer, the download size is still 250 MB.[29]
.NET Framework 4.0
Microsoft announced the .NET Framework 4.0 on 29 September 2008. The Public Beta was released on 20 May 2009.[3] Some focuses of this release are:
Parallel Extensions to improve support for parallel computing, which target multi-core or distributed systems.[30] To this end, they plan to include technologies like PLINQ (Parallel LINQ),[31] a parallel implementation of the LINQ engine, and Task Parallel Library, which exposes parallel constructs via method calls.[32]
Visual Basic and C# languages innovations such as statement lambdas, implicit line continuations, dynamic dispatch, named parameters, and optional parameters.
Full support for IronPython, IronRuby, and F#.[33]
Support for a subset of the .NET Framework and ASP.NET with the "Server Core" variant of Windows Server 2008 R2.[34]
Support for Code Contracts.
Inclusion of the Oslo modelling platform, along with the M programming language.[35]
In 28 July 2009, a second release of the .NET Framework 4.0 beta was made available with experimental software transactional memory support.[36] Whether this functionality will be available in the final version of the framework has not been confirmed.
In conjunction with .NET Framework 4.0, Microsoft will offer a set of enhancements, codenamed Dublin, for Windows Server 2008 application server capabilities.[37][38] Dublin will extend IIS to be a "standard host" for applications that use either WCF or WF.[38]
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Net Framework คืออะไร
.Net Framework เป็นแพลตฟอร์มใหม่ และเปลี่ยนแปลงไปอย่างสิ้นเชิง ที่ถูกสร้างขึ้นมาโดย บริษัท Microsoft เพื่อใช้สำหรับ การพัฒนา Application .Net Framework ถูกออกแบบมาเพื่อให้สามารถ ถูกใช้จากภาษาใดๆ ก็ได้ รวมถึง C# ด้วย รวมถึง ภาษา C++, Visual Basic, JScript, Delphi และอื่นๆ เพื่อให้สิ่งเหล่านี้เป็นไปได้ จึงเกิดภาษาเหล่านี้ ขึ้นมาในรูปของ Version เฉพาะ สำหรับ .Net อีกด้วย ได้แก่ภาษา Managed C++, Visual Basic.Net, Jscript .Net,Borland C#, Delphi8 เป็นต้น และมีอีก มากว่านี้ ที่กำลังพัฒา และปล่อยอกสู่ท้องตลาดอยู่ ตลอดเวลา ไม่ใช่เพียงแค่ภาษาทั้งหมดเหล่านี้ จะมีการเข้าถึง .Net Framework เท่านั้น แต่มันยังสามารถสื่อสาร กับภาษาอื่นๆ ได้อีกด้วย
สิ่งที่อยู่ใน .Net Framework
.Net Framework พื้นฐานประกอบขึ้นด้วย Libary ของ Source Code ขนาดมหึมา ซึ่งเราเรียกใช้จากภาษา Client ของเรา เช่น C#, C++ .Net โดยการใช้เทคนิคเชิงวัตถุ (OOP) Libary ที่ว่านี้ ถูกแบ่งกลุ่มออกเป็น Modul ต่างๆ ดังนั้นเราจึงใช้ส่วนของมัน ตามผลลัพธ์ที่เราต้องการได้ เช่น Windows Application เป็นต้น จุดมุ่งหมายในที่นี้ก็คือ ระบบปฏิบัติการ ที่แตกต่างกัน อาจจะสนับสนุน Modul เหล่านี้ บาง Modul หรือทั้งหมด ขึ้นอยู่กับคุณลักษณะของมัน เช่น PDA จะรวมเอาการสนับสนุน Function หน้าที่ที่เป็นแก่นของ .Net ทั้งหมด เป็นต้น
ส่วน Libary .Net Framework กำหนดชนิด ข้อมูลพื้นฐานบางอย่างเอาไว้ ชนิดข้อมูลเป็นตัวแทนของข้อมูล และการแบ่งกฏเกณฑ์ทั้งหลายเหล่านี้ ที่จะส่งเสริมความสามารถ ในการสัมพันธ์ระหว่างภาษา โดยใช้ .Net Framework สิ่งนี้ถูกเรียกว่า Common Type System (CTS) เช่นเดียวกับการจัดให้มี Libary .Net Common Language Runtime (CLR) ซึ่งรับผิดชอบในการจัดการ กับ ระบบ)ฏิบัติการ ของ Application ทั้งหมดที่ถูกพัฒนาขึ้นมาด้วย Libary .Net Framework
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